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What is Free Evolution?<br><br>Free evolution is the notion that natural processes can cause organisms to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species as well as the change in appearance of existing species.<br><br>A variety of examples have been provided of this, including different varieties of fish called sticklebacks that can live in salt or fresh water, and walking stick insect varieties that favor specific host plants. These reversible traits however, are not able to be the reason for fundamental changes in body plans.<br><br>Evolution by Natural Selection<br><br>Scientists have been fascinated by the development of all the living creatures that live on our planet for centuries. Charles Darwin's natural selection theory is the best-established explanation. This process occurs when people who are more well-adapted have more success in reproduction and survival than those who are less well-adapted. As time passes, the number of individuals who are well-adapted grows and eventually develops into a new species.<br><br>Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of three factors including reproduction, variation and inheritance. Sexual reproduction and mutation increase genetic diversity in a species. Inheritance is the transfer of a person's genetic traits to his or her offspring, which includes both recessive and dominant alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing fertile, viable offspring which includes both sexual and asexual methods.<br><br>Natural selection can only occur when all these elements are in balance. If,  [http://www.daoban.org/space-uid-1270972.html 에볼루션 바카라] for instance, a dominant gene allele allows an organism to reproduce and last longer than the recessive gene, then the dominant allele becomes more prevalent in a population. If the allele confers a negative survival advantage or reduces the fertility of the population, it will be eliminated. The process is self-reinforced, which means that an organism with a beneficial trait is more likely to survive and reproduce than an individual with an unadaptive trait. The more offspring an organism can produce the more fit it is that is determined by its capacity to reproduce itself and live. Individuals with favorable characteristics, like longer necks in giraffes, or  [http://bbs.161forum.com/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=431083 에볼루션 카지노] bright white color patterns in male peacocks, are more likely to survive and have offspring, and thus will become the majority of the population over time.<br><br>Natural selection only affects populations, not individuals. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution which holds that animals acquire traits through use or lack of use. For example,  [https://cameradb.review/wiki/A_Peek_Into_Evolution_Baccarat_Sites_Secrets_Of_Evolution_Baccarat_Site 에볼루션 바카라] [http://www.maoflag.cc/home.php?mod=space&uid=208254 에볼루션 무료 바카라] ([https://imoodle.win/wiki/Dont_Buy_Into_These_Trends_Concerning_Evolution_Casino https://imoodle.win/wiki/Dont_Buy_Into_These_Trends_Concerning_Evolution_Casino]) if a giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach prey, its offspring will inherit a larger neck. The difference in neck length between generations will continue until the giraffe's neck gets too long that it can no longer breed with other giraffes.<br><br>Evolution by Genetic Drift<br><br>Genetic drift occurs when the alleles of one gene are distributed randomly in a group. In the end, one will reach fixation (become so common that it cannot be eliminated by natural selection) and other alleles fall to lower frequency. This can result in dominance in the extreme. The other alleles are eliminated, and heterozygosity decreases to zero. In a small population this could result in the total elimination of recessive allele. This is known as a bottleneck effect and it is typical of evolutionary process that occurs when a lot of individuals move to form a new population.<br><br>A phenotypic bottleneck could happen when the survivors of a disaster like an epidemic or a massive hunt, are confined within a narrow area. The survivors will have an allele that is dominant and will have the same phenotype. This situation could be caused by earthquakes, war or even plagues. The genetically distinct population, if it is left vulnerable to genetic drift.<br><br>Walsh,  [https://humanlove.stream/wiki/10_Life_Lessons_We_Can_Learn_From_Evolution_Slot 에볼루션카지노] Lewens and Ariew define drift as a departure from the expected value due to differences in fitness. They provide a well-known example of twins that are genetically identical and have identical phenotypes, but one is struck by lightning and dies, whereas the other lives and reproduces.<br><br>This kind of drift could be vital to the evolution of an entire species. This isn't the only method of evolution. The most common alternative is a process called natural selection, where phenotypic variation in the population is maintained through mutation and migration.<br><br>Stephens argues there is a significant distinction between treating drift as an agent or cause and considering other causes, such as migration and selection as causes and forces. He claims that a causal-process account of drift allows us separate it from other forces, and this differentiation is crucial. He further argues that drift has a direction: that is it tends to eliminate heterozygosity. He also claims that it also has a specific magnitude that is determined by population size.<br><br>Evolution by Lamarckism<br><br>Students of biology in high school are frequently introduced to Jean-Baptiste Lemarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution is commonly called "Lamarckism" and it states that simple organisms grow into more complex organisms via the inherited characteristics which result from the organism's natural actions use and misuse. Lamarckism is illustrated through a giraffe extending its neck to reach higher leaves in the trees. This process would result in giraffes passing on their longer necks to their offspring, which then become taller.<br><br>Lamarck was a French zoologist and, in his lecture to begin his course on invertebrate Zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris on the 17th May 1802, he introduced an innovative concept that completely challenged the conventional wisdom about organic transformation. According Lamarck, living organisms evolved from inanimate matter through a series gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to propose this however he was widely considered to be the first to give the subject a thorough and general explanation.<br><br>The predominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were competing in the 19th Century. Darwinism ultimately prevailed and led to what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. This theory denies the possibility that acquired traits can be inherited and instead argues that organisms evolve by the symbiosis of environmental factors, like natural selection.<br><br>Although Lamarck supported the notion of inheritance by acquired characters, and his contemporaries also offered a few words about this idea but it was not a central element in any of their theories about evolution. This is partly due to the fact that it was never validated scientifically.<br><br>It's been more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age of genomics, there is a large amount of evidence that supports the heritability of acquired traits. This is also known as "neo Lamarckism", or more generally epigenetic inheritance. This is a model that is as reliable as the popular Neodarwinian model.<br><br>Evolution by Adaptation<br><br>One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is that it is driven by a type of struggle for survival. This notion is not true and overlooks other forces that drive evolution. The struggle for existence is better described as a struggle to survive in a certain environment. This may include not only other organisms as well as the physical environment itself.<br><br>Understanding how adaptation works is essential to comprehend evolution. The term "adaptation" refers to any characteristic that allows a living thing to survive in its environment and reproduce. It can be a physiological structure, such as feathers or fur or a behavioral characteristic like moving into the shade in hot weather or stepping out at night to avoid the cold.<br><br>The survival of an organism is dependent on its ability to draw energy from the environment and to interact with other organisms and their physical environments. The organism must have the right genes to create offspring, and it must be able to locate enough food and other resources. In addition, the organism should be capable of reproducing itself at an optimal rate within its environment.<br><br>These elements, in conjunction with mutation and gene flow can result in an alteration in the percentage of alleles (different types of a gene) in the population's gene pool. Over time, this change in allele frequencies could result in the development of new traits and ultimately new species.<br><br>A lot of the traits we admire in animals and plants are adaptations, like lung or gills for removing oxygen from the air, fur or feathers to provide insulation, long legs for running away from predators, and camouflage for hiding. However, a thorough understanding of adaptation requires attention to the distinction between behavioral and physiological characteristics.<br><br>Physiological adaptations, like thick fur or gills, are physical characteristics, whereas behavioral adaptations, such as the desire to find companions or to move to the shade during hot weather, are not. Additionally it is important to understand that a lack of forethought is not a reason to make something an adaptation. In fact, a failure to think about the implications of a choice can render it unadaptive even though it appears to be logical or even necessary.