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What is Free Evolution?<br><br>Free evolution is the notion that natural processes can cause organisms to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species as well as the alteration of the appearance of existing ones.<br><br>This is evident in many examples, including stickleback fish varieties that can thrive in salt or fresh water, and walking stick insect species that prefer particular host plants. These mostly reversible traits permutations do not explain the fundamental changes in the basic body plan.<br><br>Evolution by Natural Selection<br><br>The development of the myriad of living creatures on Earth is an enigma that has intrigued scientists for centuries. Charles Darwin's natural selection is the best-established explanation. This is because people who are more well-adapted survive and reproduce more than those who are less well-adapted. Over time, a community of well adapted individuals grows and eventually creates a new species.<br><br>Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of three factors including reproduction, variation and inheritance. Variation is caused by mutation and sexual reproduction both of which enhance the genetic diversity within an animal species. Inheritance is the passing of a person's genetic traits to the offspring of that person, which includes both dominant and recessive alleles. Reproduction is the generation of viable, fertile offspring, which includes both asexual and sexual methods.<br><br>All of these factors must be in harmony for natural selection to occur. For example when a dominant allele at a gene causes an organism to survive and reproduce more often than the recessive one, the dominant allele will become more prominent within the population. But if the allele confers an unfavorable survival advantage or decreases fertility, it will be eliminated from the population. The process is self-reinforced, which means that an organism with a beneficial trait can reproduce and survive longer than one with an unadaptive trait. The more offspring an organism can produce the more fit it is that is determined by its capacity to reproduce itself and live. People with good characteristics, such as having a long neck in Giraffes, or the bright white color patterns on male peacocks are more likely to others to reproduce and survive and eventually lead to them becoming the majority.<br><br>Natural selection only acts on populations, not on individuals. This is a major  에볼루션 ([https://menwiki.men/wiki/Ask_Me_Anything_Ten_Responses_To_Your_Questions_About_Evolution_Slot_Game https://menwiki.men/wiki/Ask_Me_Anything_Ten_Responses_To_Your_Questions_About_Evolution_Slot_Game]) distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution which holds that animals acquire traits through usage or inaction. For instance, if the giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach for prey its offspring will inherit a more long neck. The difference in neck length between generations will continue until the giraffe's neck becomes too long that it can no longer breed with other giraffes.<br><br>Evolution through Genetic Drift<br><br>Genetic drift occurs when the alleles of the same gene are randomly distributed within a population. In the end, only one will be fixed (become common enough to no longer be eliminated through natural selection) and the other alleles decrease in frequency. This can result in dominance in extreme. The other alleles are eliminated, and heterozygosity decreases to zero. In a small population,  [https://lott-andresen.blogbright.net/why-no-one-cares-about-free-evolution/ 에볼루션 바카라 무료] [http://planforexams.com/q2a/user/butterease4 에볼루션 코리아] ([http://bbs.0817ch.com/space-uid-1054926.html continue reading this]) this could result in the complete elimination of the recessive gene. This scenario is called the bottleneck effect and is typical of an evolutionary process that occurs whenever an enormous number of individuals move to form a group.<br><br>A phenotypic bottleneck can also occur when survivors of a catastrophe, such as an epidemic or mass hunting event, are concentrated within a narrow area. The survivors will be largely homozygous for the dominant allele, meaning that they all have the same phenotype, and consequently share the same fitness characteristics. This situation might be caused by a war, earthquake, or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if left susceptible to genetic drift.<br><br>Walsh Lewens, Lewens, and Ariew use Lewens, Walsh, and Ariew use a "purely outcome-oriented" definition of drift as any departure from the expected values for differences in fitness. They cite the famous example of twins who are genetically identical and have exactly the same phenotype, but one is struck by lightning and dies, whereas the other lives to reproduce.<br><br>This kind of drift could be very important in the evolution of the species. This isn't the only method of evolution. The primary alternative is to use a process known as natural selection, in which the phenotypic diversity of the population is maintained through mutation and migration.<br><br>Stephens asserts that there is a significant difference between treating the phenomenon of drift as an agent or cause and treating other causes such as selection mutation and migration as causes and forces. He argues that a causal-process account of drift allows us distinguish it from other forces and this distinction is crucial. He further argues that drift has direction, i.e., it tends towards eliminating heterozygosity. It also has a size, which is determined based on the size of the population.<br><br>Evolution by Lamarckism<br><br>In high school, students take biology classes, they are frequently introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution, also referred to as "Lamarckism which means that simple organisms transform into more complex organisms by taking on traits that are a product of the use and abuse of an organism. Lamarckism is typically illustrated with an image of a giraffe that extends its neck further to reach the higher branches in the trees. This would cause the necks of giraffes that are longer to be passed on to their offspring who would grow taller.<br><br>Lamarck Lamarck, a French zoologist, presented a revolutionary concept in his 17 May 1802 opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged the conventional wisdom on organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living things evolved from inanimate material through a series gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to suggest that this might be the case but his reputation is widely regarded as being the one who gave the subject its first broad and thorough treatment.<br><br>The prevailing story is that Lamarckism was a rival to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution through natural selection, and both theories battled each other in the 19th century. Darwinism eventually won and led to the development of what biologists today call the Modern Synthesis. The theory argues that acquired traits can be passed down through generations and instead argues organisms evolve by the selective influence of environmental elements, like Natural Selection.<br><br>Lamarck and his contemporaries supported the notion that acquired characters could be passed on to future generations. However, this idea was never a major part of any of their theories about evolution. This is partly because it was never scientifically validated.<br><br>However, it has been more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and in the age of genomics, there is a large amount of evidence to support the possibility of inheritance of acquired traits. It is sometimes called "neo-Lamarckism" or more commonly, epigenetic inheritance. It is a version of evolution that is just as valid as the more popular Neo-Darwinian theory.<br><br>Evolution through Adaptation<br><br>One of the most commonly-held misconceptions about evolution is being driven by a fight for survival. In fact, this view is a misrepresentation of natural selection and ignores the other forces that are driving evolution. The fight for survival can be more effectively described as a struggle to survive within a specific environment, which could include not just other organisms, but also the physical environment itself.<br><br>To understand how evolution functions, it is helpful to think about what adaptation is. Adaptation is any feature that allows living organisms to live in its environment and reproduce. It could be a physical structure like fur or feathers. It could also be a behavior trait such as moving to the shade during hot weather, or coming out to avoid the cold at night.<br><br>The survival of an organism is dependent on its ability to obtain energy from the surrounding environment and interact with other living organisms and their physical surroundings. The organism must possess the right genes for producing offspring, and be able to find enough food and resources. The organism should be able to reproduce at an amount that is appropriate for its niche.<br><br>These elements, in conjunction with gene flow and mutation can result in a change in the proportion of alleles (different types of a gene) in the population's gene pool. This change in allele frequency can lead to the emergence of novel traits and eventually, new species in the course of time.<br><br>A lot of the traits we appreciate in animals and plants are adaptations. For example, lungs or gills that draw oxygen from air feathers and fur for insulation long legs to run away from predators, and camouflage to hide. To understand the concept of adaptation, it is important to discern between physiological and behavioral traits.<br><br>Physical characteristics like the thick fur and gills are physical traits. Behavioral adaptations are not, such as the tendency of animals to seek out companionship or to retreat into the shade during hot temperatures. In addition, it is important to understand that a lack of thought does not make something an adaptation. Inability to think about the implications of a choice, even if it appears to be rational, may cause it to be unadaptive.