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The Academy's Evolution Site<br><br>The concept of biological evolution is a fundamental concept in biology. The Academies have been for a long time involved in helping those interested in science comprehend the concept of evolution and how it influences all areas of scientific research.<br><br>This site provides teachers, students and general readers with a range of educational resources on evolution. It contains the most important video clips from NOVA and WGBH's science programs on DVD.<br><br>Tree of Life<br><br>The Tree of Life, an ancient symbol, represents the interconnectedness of all life. It appears in many religions and cultures as symbolizing unity and love. It has numerous practical applications in addition to providing a framework to understand the evolution of species and how they react to changes in environmental conditions.<br><br>Early attempts to represent the biological world were based on categorizing organisms based on their metabolic and physical characteristics. These methods, which are based on the collection of various parts of organisms, or DNA fragments have greatly increased the diversity of a tree of Life2. However the trees are mostly composed of eukaryotes; bacterial diversity is still largely unrepresented3,4.<br><br>Genetic techniques have greatly broadened our ability to visualize the Tree of Life by circumventing the requirement for direct observation and experimentation. Particularly, molecular techniques enable us to create trees by using sequenced markers, such as the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene.<br><br>The Tree of Life has been significantly expanded by genome sequencing. However there is a lot of biodiversity to be discovered. This is particularly true of microorganisms, which can be difficult to cultivate and are often only found in a single sample5. Recent analysis of all genomes resulted in a rough draft of a Tree of Life. This includes a large number of archaea, bacteria and other organisms that haven't yet been isolated or the diversity of which is not thoroughly understood6.<br><br>This expanded Tree of Life is particularly useful for assessing the biodiversity of an area, which can help to determine if specific habitats require special protection. This information can be used in a variety of ways, from identifying new treatments to fight disease to enhancing the quality of the quality of crops. The information is also useful in conservation efforts. It helps biologists discover areas most likely to have cryptic species, which may have important metabolic functions and  [https://thehappypsychic.org/x/cdn/?https%3A%2F%2Fevolutionkr.kr 에볼루션바카라사이트] be vulnerable to the effects of human activity. While conservation funds are important, the most effective method to preserve the world's biodiversity is to empower the people of developing nations with the knowledge they need to act locally and promote conservation.<br><br>Phylogeny<br><br>A phylogeny (also called an evolutionary tree) illustrates the relationship between organisms. Scientists can construct an phylogenetic chart which shows the evolutionary relationship of taxonomic groups using molecular data and morphological similarities or differences. Phylogeny is crucial in understanding evolution, biodiversity and genetics.<br><br>A basic phylogenetic Tree (see Figure PageIndex 10 ) is a method of identifying the relationships between organisms with similar traits that evolved from common ancestors. These shared traits could be analogous or homologous. Homologous traits are the same in their evolutionary journey. Analogous traits may look similar however they do not have the same origins. Scientists combine similar traits into a grouping called a Clade. Every organism in a group have a common trait, such as amniotic egg production. They all evolved from an ancestor with these eggs. A phylogenetic tree can be built by connecting the clades to determine the organisms who are the closest to each other. <br><br>Scientists make use of DNA or RNA molecular information to construct a phylogenetic graph that is more precise and precise. This information is more precise and gives evidence of the evolution of an organism. Researchers can utilize Molecular Data to calculate the evolutionary age of organisms and identify how many species share the same ancestor.<br><br>The phylogenetic relationships between organisms can be affected by a variety of factors including phenotypic plasticity, a kind of behavior that alters in response to unique environmental conditions. This can cause a trait to appear more similar to one species than another, obscuring the phylogenetic signals. However, this problem can be reduced by the use of techniques like cladistics, which incorporate a combination of homologous and analogous features into the tree.<br><br>In addition, phylogenetics can help predict the duration and rate of speciation. This information can aid conservation biologists in making choices about which species to safeguard from the threat of extinction. In the end, it's the preservation of phylogenetic diversity that will create an ecologically balanced and complete ecosystem.<br><br>Evolutionary Theory<br><br>The main idea behind evolution is that organisms develop various characteristics over time based on their interactions with their environments. Many scientists have proposed theories of evolution, such as the Islamic naturalist Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201-274) who believed that a living thing would evolve according to its own requirements as well as the Swedish taxonomist Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) who developed the modern hierarchical system of taxonomy as well as Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1844-1829), who believed that the usage or non-use of traits can cause changes that are passed on to the next generation.<br><br>In the 1930s and 1940s, theories from a variety of fields--including genetics, natural selection, and  [http://www.www44.wap.sh/ANIME/MP3/index?url=evolutionkr.kr&name=WWW.44WAP.SH 에볼루션 카지노] particulate inheritance - came together to create the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory that explains how evolution occurs through the variation of genes within a population and how those variants change in time due to natural selection. This model, known as genetic drift mutation, gene flow, and sexual selection, is a key element of the current evolutionary biology and can be mathematically described.<br><br>Recent discoveries in the field of evolutionary developmental biology have shown that genetic variation can be introduced into a species through genetic drift, mutation, and reshuffling genes during sexual reproduction, as well as through migration between populations. These processes, as well as other ones like the directional selection process and the erosion of genes (changes to the frequency of genotypes over time) can lead to evolution. Evolution is defined as changes in the genome over time and changes in the phenotype (the expression of genotypes in an individual).<br><br>Students can gain a better understanding of phylogeny by incorporating evolutionary thinking in all areas of biology. In a recent study by Grunspan and co.,  [https://shire-cafe.ru/bitrix/rk.php?goto=https://evolutionkr.kr/ 에볼루션코리아] it was shown that teaching students about the evidence for evolution boosted their acceptance of evolution during a college-level course in biology. To learn more about how to teach about evolution, please look up The Evolutionary Potential of all Areas of Biology and Thinking Evolutionarily: A Framework for Infusing Evolution into Life Sciences Education.<br><br>Evolution in Action<br><br>Scientists have traditionally studied evolution through looking back in the past--analyzing fossils and comparing species. They also study living organisms. But evolution isn't a thing that happened in the past; it's an ongoing process that is that is taking place right now. Bacteria mutate and resist antibiotics, viruses re-invent themselves and elude new medications, and animals adapt their behavior in response to the changing environment. The changes that result are often easy to see.<br><br>It wasn't until the 1980s that biologists began to realize that natural selection was in action. The reason is that different traits have different rates of survival and reproduction (differential fitness), and can be passed down from one generation to the next.<br><br>In the past, if an allele - the genetic sequence that determines colour - was present in a population of organisms that interbred, it could become more common than other allele. In time, this could mean that the number of black moths within a particular population could rise. The same is true for many other characteristics--including morphology and behavior--that vary among populations of organisms.<br><br>Monitoring evolutionary changes in action is easier when a species has a fast generation turnover, as with bacteria. Since 1988, Richard Lenski, a biologist,  [https://stuurman24.ru/bitrix/rk.php?goto=https://evolutionkr.kr/ 에볼루션 바카라]카지노 ([http://webmails.hosting-advantage.com/horde/services/go.php?url=https://evolutionkr.kr/ http://webmails.hosting-advantage.com/horde/services/go.php?url=Https://evolutionkr.kr/]) has been tracking twelve populations of E.coli that descend from one strain. Samples of each population have been taken regularly, and more than 50,000 generations of E.coli have passed.<br><br>Lenski's research has revealed that mutations can alter the rate at which change occurs and the rate of a population's reproduction. It also shows evolution takes time, something that is hard for some to accept.<br><br>Another example of microevolution is the way mosquito genes that confer resistance to pesticides show up more often in populations where insecticides are used. Pesticides create an exclusive pressure that favors those who have resistant genotypes.<br><br>The speed of evolution taking place has led to a growing appreciation of its importance in a world that is shaped by human activities, including climate changes, pollution and the loss of habitats that prevent many species from adapting. Understanding evolution will aid you in making better decisions about the future of our planet and its inhabitants.