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Pragmatic Genuine Philosophy<br><br>Pragmatism is a philosophical system that is based on the experience and context. It could be lacking a clear set of foundational principles or a cohesive ethical framework. This can lead to the loss of idealistic goals and transformative change.<br><br>Contrary to deflationary theories, pragmatic theories do not deny the idea that statements are correlated to actual events. They merely explain the role truth plays in practical endeavors.<br><br>Definition<br><br>Pragmatic is a word used to describe things or people who are practical, rational, and sensible. It is frequently used to contrast with idealistic, which refers to a person or an idea that is based on ideals or principles of high quality. A pragmatic person looks at the actual world circumstances and conditions when making decisions, focusing on what can be realistically achieved as opposed to trying to achieve the best practical course of action.<br><br>Pragmatism is an emerging philosophical movement that focuses on the importance of practical consequences in determining the value, truth or value. It is a third alternative to the dominant continental and analytic tradition of philosophy. It was developed by Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and Josiah Royce, pragmatism developed into two opposing streams of thought, one that tended towards relativism, the other to realist thought.<br><br>One of the major issues in pragmatism is the nature of truth. While many pragmatists agree truth is a crucial concept, they differ on how to define it and how it functions in practice. One approach, heavily influenced by Peirce &amp; James, focuses on how people solve issues and make assertions, and gives priority to the speech-acts and justification projects that users of language use to determine whether something is true. Another method that is influenced by Rorty and his followers, concentrates on the more mundane aspects of truth, namely its ability to generalize, admonish and warn--and is not concerned with the full-blown theory of truth.<br><br>The main flaw of this neo-pragmatic view of truth is that it flirts with relativism, since the concept of "truth" has been a part of a long and rich tradition that it seems unlikely that it can be reduced to the nebulous uses to which pragmatists assign it. The second problem is that pragmatism seems to be a method that denies the existence of truth, at a minimum in its metaphysical and fundamental form. This is reflected in the fact that pragmatists such as Brandom (who is owed an obligation to Peirce and James) are generally in silence on metaphysical questions, while Dewey's extensive writings contain only one mention of the issue of truth.<br><br>Purpose<br><br>The goal of pragmatism is to offer an alternative to the analytic and Continental styles of philosophy. Charles Sanders Peirce, William James and their Harvard colleague Josiah Royce (1860-1916) were the first to start its first generation. These classical pragmatists focused on theorizing inquiry and meaning, and the nature of truth. Their influence spread to numerous influential American thinkers, including John Dewey (1860-1952), who applied their ideas to education and social improvement in different dimensions. Jane Addams (1860-1935) was the social worker who founded the field also gained from this influence.<br><br>In recent years the new generation has given pragmatism an expanded platform for discussion. While they are different from classical pragmatists, many of the neo-pragmatists claim to be part of the same tradition. Robert Brandom is their main model. His work is centered on semantics and philosophy of language, but also draws from the philosophy of Peirce, James, and others.<br><br>One of the major distinctions between the classical pragmatists and neo-pragmatists is their understanding of what it means for an idea to be true. The classical pragmatists focused on a concept called 'truth-functionality,' which states that an idea is genuinely true if it is useful in practice. The neo-pragmatists instead focus on the idea of 'ideal warranted assertibility which states that an idea is genuinely true if a claim about it is justified in a certain way to a specific group of people.<br><br>There are however some problems with this view. It is often criticized as being used to justify illogical and ridiculous concepts. The gremlin hypothesis is a good example: It's a useful idea that works in practice but is probably unfounded and untrue. This isn't a major issue, but it reveals one of the biggest flaws of pragmatism: it can be used as a rationalization for almost anything.<br><br>Significance<br><br>Pragmatic means practical, relating to the consideration of actual world conditions and situations when making decisions. It can also be used to describe a philosophical position that emphasizes the practical implications in determining the meaning values, truth or. William James (1842-1910) first used the term pragmatism to describe this view in a speech at the University of California, Berkeley. James claimed to have coined the term along with his mentor and colleague Charles Sanders Peirce, but the pragmatist view soon earned its own name.<br><br>The pragmatists rejected the stark dichotomies that are inherent in analytic philosophy such as fact and value thoughts and experiences mind and body, analytic and synthetic and the list goes on. They also rejected the notion that truth was something fixed or objective, and instead treated it as a continuously evolving, socially determined concept.<br><br>James utilized these themes to investigate truth in religion. John Dewey (1859-1952) was a major influence on a new generation of pragmatists who applied the method to politics, education and other aspects of social improvement.<br><br>In recent years, Neopragmatists have sought to place pragmatism within a wider Western philosophical context. They have analyzed the commonalities between Peirce's ideas and the ideas of Kant and other idealists of the 19th century, and the emerging theory of evolution. They also sought to define the role of truth in an original epistemology of a priori and develop a pragmatic Metaphilosophy that includes views on language, meaning, and the nature and origin of knowledge.<br><br>Yet, pragmatism continues to develop, and the a posteriori epistemology that it developed is still regarded as an important distinction from traditional methods. The people who defend it have had to face a myriad of objections that are as old as the theory itself, but have gained more attention in recent times. One of them is the notion that pragmatism doesn't work when applied to moral questions, and that its claim to "what works" is nothing more than relativism that has an unpolished appearance.<br><br>Methods<br><br>Peirce's epistemological strategy included a pragmatic elucidation. He believed it was an attempt to debunk false metaphysical concepts like the Catholic understanding transubstantiation and Cartesian certainty seeking strategies in epistemology.<br><br>The Pragmatic Maxim, according to many modern pragmatists is the most accurate thing you can expect from a theory about truth. They tend to avoid deflationist accounts of truth that require verification in order to be deemed valid. Instead they advocate a different method, which they refer to as 'pragmatic explication'. This involves explaining the way in which a concept is utilized in real life and identifying conditions that must be met to determine whether the concept is truthful.<br><br>This method is often criticized for being an example of form-relativism. But it is more moderate than the alternatives to deflationism, and thus is a great way to get around some of the issues with relativist theories of truth.<br><br>In the wake of this, a number of liberatory philosophical projects that are related to eco-philosophy and feminism, Native American philosophy, and Latin American philosophy, look for guidance in the pragmatist tradition. Quine for instance, is an philosophical analyticist who has embraced the pragmatist tradition in a way Dewey could not.<br><br>Although pragmatism has a long legacy, it is important to recognize that there are also some fundamental flaws with the philosophy. In particular, pragmatism fails to provide any meaningful test of truth, and it fails when applied to moral issues.<br><br>Quine, Wilfrid Solars and other pragmatists have also critiqued the philosophy. However it has been brought back from obscurity by a diverse range of philosophers, such as Richard Rorty, Cornel West and Robert Brandom. 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