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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>In addition to the learner-internal aspects, CLKs' awareness of their own resistance to change and the relational affordances they had access to were significant. The RIs from TS &amp; ZL for instance mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a major factor in their pragmatic decision to avoid criticising a strict prof (see the example 2).<br><br>This article examines all local research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on the most important pragmatic issues such as:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The test for discourse completion (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has many advantages, but it also has a few drawbacks. For example it is that the DCT is unable to account for the cultural and individual differences in communication. The DCT can also be biased and lead to overgeneralizations. As a result, it must be carefully analyzed before using it for research or assessment purposes.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a useful instrument to study the connection between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. Its ability in two or more stages to influence the social variables that are related to politeness can be a strength. This feature can be used to study the role of prosody in different cultural contexts.<br><br>In the field of linguistics DCT is one of the most useful tools for analyzing communication behaviors of learners. It can be used to study many issues, such as the manner of speaking, turn-taking and the use of lexical terms. It can also be used to assess the phonological difficulty of learners' speech.<br><br>A recent study employed an DCT to evaluate EFL students' ability to resist. Participants were presented with a variety of scenarios to choose from and were then asked to select the appropriate response. The researchers found that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures such as a questionnaire or video recordings. Researchers cautioned, however, that the DCT must be employed with caution. They also suggested using other methods for data collection.<br><br>DCTs are typically designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like the content and the form. These criteria are intuitive and based on the assumptions of test designers. They aren't always correct, and they could misrepresent the way that ELF learners actually resist requests in real-world interaction. This issue calls for more investigation into alternative methods of assessing refusal competency.<br><br>A recent study has compared DCT responses to requests made by students via email versus those obtained from an oral DCT. The results showed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally indirect request forms and utilized hints less than email data.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners' choices in their use of Korean through a variety of tools that were tested, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs),  [https://olderworkers.com.au/author/wqmvg78ca4-claychoen-top/ 무료슬롯 프라그마틱] metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs with upper-intermediate ability who provided responses to DCTs and MQs. They were also asked for reflections on their opinions and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs often chose to defy native Korean pragmatism norms. Their decisions were influenced by four factors that included their personalities and multilingual identities, their ongoing life histories and their relationship affordances. These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment.<br><br>The MQ data was first analyzed to identify the participants' practical choices. The data was classified according to Ishihara (2010)'s definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared their choices with their linguistic performance using DCTs to determine if they are indicative of resistance to pragmatics. Additionally, the participants were asked to explain their decision to use pragmatic language in a given scenario.<br><br>The results of the MQs,  [https://images.google.com.gt/url?q=https://hyldgaard-craft-3.blogbright.net/the-most-worst-nightmare-about-live-casino-be-realized 프라그마틱 정품 사이트] DCTs and z-tests were analysed using descriptive statistics and Z tests. The CLKs were found employ euphemistic phrases such as "sorry" or "thank you". This is likely due to their lack of experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate understanding of the korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preference to diverge from L1 and  [https://www.google.pn/url?q=https://anotepad.com/notes/gk6eds44 프라그마틱 슬롯 조작] 2 norms or to move towards L1 varied depending on the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1pragmatic norms and L2 norms, while in Situation 14 CLKs favored convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within a period of two days of participants completing the MQs. The RIs, which were recorded and transcribed by two independent coders who then coded them. The code was re-coded repeatedly, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding are contrasted with the original RI transcripts to determine if they captured the underlying pragmatic behavior.<br><br>Refusal Interviews<br><br>The central question in pragmatic research is: Why do some learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? Recent research has attempted to answer this question with various experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2 levels. They were then invited to an RI where they were required to reflect and discuss their responses to each DCT scenario.<br><br>The results showed that on average, the CLKs disapproved of the pragmatic norms of native speakers in more than 40% of their answers. They did this despite the fact that they were able to create patterns that were similar to native speakers. They were also aware of their pragmatic resistance. They attributed their resistance to learner-internal factors like their personalities and multilingual identities. They also spoke of external factors, such as relationships and benefits. For instance, they outlined how their relationships with professors facilitated a more relaxed performance with respect to the intercultural and linguistic rules of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures and penalties they could be subject to when their social norms were not followed. They were concerned that their native interactants might consider them "foreigners" and believe they are incompetent. This concern was similar to the concerns voiced by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the default preference of Korean learners. They may remain useful as a model for official Korean proficiency tests. But it is advisable for future researchers to reconsider their applicability in specific situations and in various contexts. This will allow them to better understand the impact of different cultural environments on the pragmatic behavior and classroom interactions of students in L2. Furthermore it will assist educators to create more effective methods for teaching and testing the korea-based pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risk consulting.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is an investigational strategy that relies on participant-centered, deep investigations to explore a specific subject. This method utilizes numerous sources of information including documents, interviews, and observations, to support its findings. This type of investigation is useful when analyzing complicated or unique subjects that are difficult to measure with other methods.<br><br>In a case study the first step is to clearly define both the subject and the goals of the study. This will help determine which aspects of the subject are important for research and which are best left out. It is also useful to review the existing literature to gain a general understanding of the subject and place the case in a wider theoretical context.<br><br>This study was based on an open source platform, the KMMLU leaderboard [50] and its specific benchmarks for Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of this experiment revealed that L2 Korean learners were extremely vulnerable to the influence of native models. They were more likely to pick incorrect answer choices which were literal interpretations. This was a deviance from accurate pragmatic inference. They also had a strong tendency of adding their own words or "garbage" to their responses. This lowered the quality of their answers.<br><br>Moreover, the participants of this case study were L2 Korean learners who had reached level 4 on the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) at their second or third year of university, and were aiming to reach level 6 on their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, as well as pragmatic awareness and comprehension.<br><br>Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations that involved interaction with their co-workers and asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making a demand. The interviewees were then asked to justify their choice. The majority of the participants attributed their pragmatic resistance to their personalities. TS for instance,  [https://images.google.cg/url?q=https://small-fuentes-2.blogbright.net/10-quick-tips-on-free-pragmatic 프라그마틱 체험] claimed that she was difficult to talk to and would not inquire about her interlocutor's well-being when they had a lot of work despite the fact that she thought native Koreans would.