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What is Free Evolution?<br><br>Free evolution is the idea that natural processes can cause organisms to develop over time. This includes the creation of new species and the change in appearance of existing ones.<br><br>Numerous examples have been offered of this, including various kinds of stickleback fish that can live in salt or fresh water, and walking stick insect varieties that are attracted to specific host plants. These reversible traits do not explain the fundamental changes in basic body plans.<br><br>Evolution through Natural Selection<br><br>The development of the myriad of living creatures on Earth is an enigma that has intrigued scientists for centuries. Charles Darwin's natural selection is the most well-known explanation. This happens when people who are more well-adapted have more success in reproduction and survival than those who are less well-adapted. Over time, the population of individuals who are well-adapted grows and eventually develops into an entirely new species.<br><br>Natural selection is an ongoing process that is characterized by the interaction of three elements that are inheritance, variation and reproduction. Variation is caused by mutations and sexual reproduction, both of which increase the genetic diversity of an animal species. Inheritance is the passing of a person's genetic traits to the offspring of that person, which includes both recessive and dominant alleles. Reproduction is the process of producing fertile, viable offspring, which includes both asexual and sexual methods.<br><br>All of these factors have to be in equilibrium to allow natural selection to take place. For example the case where an allele that is dominant at a gene causes an organism to survive and reproduce more frequently than the recessive allele the dominant allele will become more prevalent in the population. However,  [https://cameradb.review/wiki/How_To_Explain_Evolution_Casino_To_A_FiveYearOld 에볼루션카지노] if the gene confers an unfavorable survival advantage or  [https://richards-stark-3.technetbloggers.de/what-free-evolution-experts-want-you-to-know-1735592296/ 에볼루션코리아] decreases fertility, it will disappear from the population. This process is self-reinforcing, which means that an organism with an adaptive characteristic will live and reproduce far more effectively than one with a maladaptive characteristic. The more fit an organism is, measured by its ability reproduce and endure, is the higher number of offspring it will produce. People with good characteristics, like longer necks in giraffes, or bright white colors in male peacocks are more likely survive and have offspring, and thus will make up the majority of the population over time.<br><br>Natural selection only acts on populations, not on individual organisms. This is a significant distinction from the Lamarckian evolution theory which holds that animals acquire traits either through usage or inaction. For instance, if a giraffe's neck gets longer through stretching to reach for prey its offspring will inherit a more long neck. The length difference between generations will persist until the neck of the giraffe becomes so long that it can not breed with other giraffes.<br><br>Evolution through Genetic Drift<br><br>In genetic drift, the alleles at a gene may reach different frequencies in a population through random events. Eventually, one of them will reach fixation (become so widespread that it is unable to be removed by natural selection) and other alleles fall to lower frequencies. This can lead to dominance at the extreme. The other alleles have been essentially eliminated and heterozygosity has been reduced to zero. In a small group this could lead to the complete elimination the recessive gene. This scenario is known as a bottleneck effect and it is typical of evolutionary process that takes place when a large amount of individuals migrate to form a new population.<br><br>A phenotypic  bottleneck may also occur when the survivors of a disaster such as an outbreak or a mass hunting incident are concentrated in a small area. The surviving individuals will be largely homozygous for the dominant allele which means that they will all have the same phenotype and thus have the same fitness traits. This could be caused by earthquakes, war or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if it is left, could be susceptible to genetic drift.<br><br>Walsh, Lewens and Ariew define drift as a departure from expected values due to differences in fitness. They give the famous example of twins who are both genetically identical and have exactly the same phenotype, but one is struck by lightning and dies, but the other is able to reproduce.<br><br>This type of drift is vital to the evolution of an entire species. However, it's not the only method to evolve. Natural selection is the primary alternative, in which mutations and migration maintain the phenotypic diversity in a population.<br><br>Stephens asserts that there is a significant distinction between treating drift as an agent or cause and treating other causes such as selection mutation and migration as causes and forces. Stephens claims that a causal process account of drift allows us separate it from other forces, and this distinction is crucial. He also argues that drift is both an orientation, i.e.,  [http://www.xuetu123.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=10126788 무료에볼루션] it tends to eliminate heterozygosity. It also has a size which is determined based on the size of the population.<br><br>Evolution by Lamarckism<br><br>Students of biology in high school are often exposed to Jean-Baptiste lamarck's (1744-1829) work. His theory of evolution, also referred to as "Lamarckism" is based on the idea that simple organisms evolve into more complex organisms adopting traits that result from the use and abuse of an organism. Lamarckism can be illustrated by a giraffe extending its neck to reach higher branches in the trees. This would result in giraffes passing on their longer necks to their offspring, who would then become taller.<br><br>Lamarck was a French zoologist and, in his opening lecture for his course on invertebrate zoology at the Museum of Natural History in Paris on the 17th of May in 1802, he presented an innovative concept that completely challenged the conventional wisdom about organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living creatures evolved from inanimate materials by a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to make this claim but he was thought of as the first to offer the subject a comprehensive and general explanation.<br><br>The dominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were competing in the 19th century. Darwinism eventually prevailed and led to what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. The theory argues that traits acquired through evolution can be inherited and instead argues that organisms evolve through the selective action of environmental factors, such as natural selection.<br><br>Lamarck and his contemporaries believed in the notion that acquired characters could be passed down to future generations. However, this notion was never a key element of any of their theories about evolution. This is due in part to the fact that it was never tested scientifically.<br><br>But it is now more than 200 years since Lamarck was born and, in the age of genomics there is a huge body of evidence supporting the heritability of acquired characteristics. This is sometimes called "neo-Lamarckism" or more frequently epigenetic inheritance. It is a version of evolution that is as valid as the more popular neo-Darwinian model.<br><br>Evolution through Adaptation<br><br>One of the most common misconceptions about evolution is its being driven by a struggle to survive. In fact, this view is a misrepresentation of natural selection and ignores the other forces that are driving evolution. The struggle for existence is more accurately described as a struggle to survive in a certain environment. This may include not just other organisms as well as the physical environment itself.<br><br>Understanding how adaptation works is essential to understand evolution. Adaptation is any feature that allows a living thing to survive in its environment and reproduce. It could be a physical feature, such as feathers or fur. It could also be a behavior trait such as moving into the shade during the heat, or escaping the cold at night.<br><br>The survival of an organism depends on its ability to extract energy from the environment and to interact with other living organisms and their physical surroundings. The organism should possess the right genes for producing offspring and be able find sufficient food and resources. In addition, the organism should be capable of reproducing itself at an optimal rate within its environmental niche.<br><br>These factors,  에볼루션 바카라 ([https://bassash44.werite.net/16-facebook-pages-that-you-must-follow-for-evolution-casino-related-businesses Bassash44.werite.net]) together with mutations and gene flow can cause changes in the proportion of different alleles within the gene pool of a population. This shift in the frequency of alleles could lead to the development of new traits, and eventually new species as time passes.<br><br>Many of the characteristics we appreciate in animals and plants are adaptations. For example the lungs or gills which draw oxygen from air, fur and feathers as insulation and long legs to get away from predators and camouflage for hiding. To understand adaptation it is crucial to distinguish between behavioral and physiological traits.<br><br>Physical characteristics like large gills and thick fur are physical characteristics. Behavior adaptations aren't an exception, for instance, the tendency of animals to seek companionship or to retreat into the shade in hot weather. In addition it is important to note that lack of planning does not mean that something is an adaptation. In fact, a failure to think about the consequences of a behavior can make it unadaptable even though it appears to be reasonable or even essential.