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The Berkeley Evolution Site<br><br>Students and teachers who explore the Berkeley site will find a wealth of resources to help them understand and teach evolution. The resources are arranged into different learning paths like "What did T. rex taste like?"<br><br>Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection explains how over time creatures that are more adaptable to changing environments thrive, and those that are not extinct. Science is concerned with the process of biological evolutionary change.<br><br>What is Evolution?<br><br>The word evolution has many nonscientific meanings, including "progress" or "descent with modification." Scientifically it is a term used to describe a change in the characteristics of living organisms (or species) over time. In terms of biology the change is based on natural selection and genetic drift.<br><br>Evolution is an important tenet in the field of biology today. It is an accepted theory that has stood the tests of time and thousands of scientific experiments. Contrary to other theories of science such as the Copernican theory or the germ theory of disease, the evolution theory is not a discussion of religious belief or the existence of God.<br><br>Early evolutionists, including Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Erasmus Darwin (Charles's grandfather), believed that certain physical traits were predetermined to change, in a step-like manner, as time passes. This was referred to as the "Ladder of Nature" or scala Naturae. Charles Lyell used the term to describe this idea in his Principles of Geology, first published in 1833.<br><br>Darwin published his theory of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species which was written in the early 1800s. It claims that different species of organisms have a common ancestry, which can be proven through fossils and other lines of evidence. This is the current view of evolution, which is supported by a variety of disciplines which include molecular biology.<br><br>Although scientists aren't able to determine exactly how organisms developed, they are confident that the evolution of life on earth is the result of natural selection and genetic drift. People with advantages are more likely to survive and reproduce. They pass on their genes on to the next generation. As time passes this leads to a gradual accumulation of changes in the gene pool that gradually lead to new species and forms.<br><br>Some scientists employ the term evolution in reference to large-scale change, such as the development of one species from an ancestral one. Other scientists, like population geneticists, define evolution more broadly by referring to a net change in allele frequencies over generations. Both definitions are acceptable and precise however some scientists believe that the allele-frequency definition is missing crucial aspects of the evolutionary process.<br><br>Origins of Life<br><br>A key step in evolution is the development of life. This happens when living systems begin to evolve at the micro level, within cells, for instance.<br><br>The origin of life is an important topic in a variety of areas, including biology and chemical. The origin of life is a subject of interest in science, as it is a challenge to the theory of evolution. It is sometimes referred to "the mystery" of life or "abiogenesis."<br><br>The notion that life could arise from non-living things was called "spontaneous generation" or "spontaneous evolutionary". It was a popular belief prior to Louis Pasteur's tests showed that the emergence of living organisms was not possible by a natural process.<br><br>Many scientists believe it is possible to transition from nonliving substances to living ones. However, the conditions needed are extremely difficult to replicate in labs. Researchers who are interested in the origins and evolution of life are also eager to learn about the physical characteristics of the early Earth as well as other planets.<br><br>Additionally, the evolution of life depends on the sequence of extremely complex chemical reactions that can't be predicted from basic physical laws on their own. These include the reading and the replication of complex molecules, such as DNA or RNA, to create proteins that perform a specific function. These chemical reactions can be compared with a chicken-and egg problem which is the development and emergence of DNA/RNA, the protein-based cell machinery, is necessary for the onset life. But, without life, the chemistry required to enable it appears to be working.<br><br>Research in the area of abiogenesis requires cooperation among scientists from various disciplines. This includes prebiotic scientists, astrobiologists, and planetary scientists.<br><br>Evolutionary Changes<br><br>The word evolution is usually used to refer to the accumulated changes in the genetic traits of an entire population over time. These changes may result from the response to environmental pressures as explained in the article on Darwinism (see the entry on Charles Darwin for background) or may result from natural selection.<br><br>This is a method that increases the frequency of those genes that confer an advantage in survival over others which results in a gradual change in the overall appearance of a particular population. These evolutionary changes are triggered by mutations, reshuffling genes in the process of sexual reproduction, and also by gene flow.<br><br>Natural selection is the process that allows beneficial mutations to become more common. All organisms undergo changes and reshuffles of their genes. As previously mentioned,  [http://80.82.64.206/user/dahliablouse2 에볼루션사이트] those with the beneficial trait have a higher reproduction rate than those who don't. This variation in the number of offspring born over many generations can result in a gradual change in the number of advantageous characteristics in a group.<br><br>This is evident in the evolution of various beak designs on finches that are found in the Galapagos Islands. They have developed these beaks in order that they can eat more quickly in their new home. These changes in the shape and form of organisms could also help create new species.<br><br>The majority of changes are caused by a single mutation, but sometimes several occur at the same time. Most of these changes are neutral or even harmful to the organism but a small percentage can be beneficial to the longevity and  [https://lovewiki.faith/wiki/10_Quick_Tips_About_Free_Evolution 에볼루션 바카라사이트] reproduction of the species, thus increasing their frequency in the population over time. Natural selection is a mechanism that causes the accumulating changes over time that lead to a new species.<br><br>Some people confuse the notion of evolution with the idea that the traits inherited from parents can be altered by conscious choice or use and abuse, which is known as soft inheritance. This is a misinterpretation of the nature of evolution, and of the actual biological processes that trigger it. A more accurate description of evolution is that it involves a two-step process, which involves the separate and often antagonistic forces of mutation and natural selection.<br><br>Origins of Humans<br><br>Humans of today (Homo sapiens) evolved from primates, a group of mammals that also includes chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos. The earliest human fossils show that our ancestors were bipeds - walkers on two legs. Genetic and biological similarities show that we share a close relationship with Chimpanzees. In actual fact, we are most closely connected to chimpanzees belonging to the Pan Genus that includes pygmy and pygmy chimpanzees and bonobos. The last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees was 8 to 6 million years old.<br><br>Humans have evolved a variety of characteristics over time such as bipedalism, use of fire, and  [http://bbs.theviko.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=2413343 에볼루션 블랙잭][https://wikimapia.org/external_link?url=https://k12.instructure.com/eportfolios/915849/home/is-evolution-baccarat-site-the-best-thing-there-ever-was 에볼루션 카지노 사이트] ([http://douerdun.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=1761418 click this link]) the development of advanced tools. But it's only in the last 100,000 years or so that the majority of the characteristics that differentiate us from other species have developed. They include language, a large brain, the ability to create and utilize complex tools, and the ability to adapt to cultural differences.<br><br>The process of evolution is when genetic changes allow members of a group to better adapt to their environment. Natural selection is the process that drives this adaptation. Certain traits are preferred over others. The more adaptable are more likely to pass their genes on to the next generation. This is the way all species evolve and is the basis for the theory of evolution.<br><br>Scientists call this the "law of natural selection." The law states that species that share an ancestor will tend to develop similar traits as time passes. This is because these traits allow them to live and reproduce in their environment.<br><br>Every organism has an molecule called DNA that holds the information necessary to direct their growth. The DNA molecule is made up of base pairs that are spirally arranged around sugar molecules and phosphate molecules. The sequence of bases within each strand determines the phenotype or the individual's unique appearance and behavior. Variations in changes and reshuffling of genetic material (known as alleles) during reproduction causes variation in a population.<br><br>Fossils from the earliest human species, Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis, have been found in Africa, Asia, and Europe. These fossils, despite variations in their appearance, all support the theory of the origins of modern humans in Africa. Evidence from fossils and  [http://psicolinguistica.letras.ufmg.br/wiki/index.php/5-Killer-Queora-Answers-On-Evolution-Casino-y 에볼루션] genetics suggest that early humans came out of Africa into Asia and then Europe.