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What is Free Evolution?<br><br>Free evolution is the idea that natural processes can lead to the development of organisms over time. This includes the creation of new species as well as the change in appearance of existing ones.<br><br>This has been demonstrated by numerous examples of stickleback fish species that can be found in fresh or saltwater and walking stick insect varieties that are apprehensive about particular host plants. These mostly reversible trait permutations however, are not able to explain fundamental changes in body plans.<br><br>Evolution by Natural Selection<br><br>The development of the myriad living organisms on Earth is an enigma that has intrigued scientists for many centuries. Charles Darwin's natural selection theory is the most well-known explanation. This happens when people who are more well-adapted are able to reproduce faster and longer than those who are less well-adapted. Over time, a population of well adapted individuals grows and eventually creates a new species.<br><br>Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of 3 factors including reproduction, variation and inheritance. Sexual reproduction and mutations increase the genetic diversity of an animal species. Inheritance is the transfer of a person's genetic characteristics to his or her offspring which includes both recessive and dominant alleles. Reproduction is the process of generating viable, fertile offspring. This can be accomplished by both asexual or  [http://120.26.108.239:9188/evolution4977 에볼루션 코리아] sexual methods.<br><br>All of these elements must be in harmony for natural selection to occur. If, for instance the dominant gene allele allows an organism to reproduce and live longer than the recessive gene then the dominant allele becomes more prevalent in a population. But if the allele confers an unfavorable survival advantage or reduces fertility,  [https://thewerffreport.com/@evolution1589?page=about 에볼루션 바카라 사이트] it will be eliminated from the population. The process is self reinforcing meaning that the organism with an adaptive trait will survive and reproduce much more than those with a maladaptive trait. The greater an organism's fitness which is measured by its ability to reproduce and survive, is the more offspring it can produce. Individuals with favorable traits, like having a long neck in Giraffes, or  [http://repo.fusi24.com:3000/evolution6363/4640evolution-korea/wiki/10+Things+That+Your+Family+Taught+You+About+Evolution+Korea 에볼루션 바카라] the bright white patterns on male peacocks are more likely than others to reproduce and survive and eventually lead to them becoming the majority.<br><br>Natural selection is only an aspect of populations and not on individuals. This is a major distinction from the Lamarckian evolution theory, which states that animals acquire traits due to the use or absence of use. For instance, if the animal's neck is lengthened by stretching to reach for prey its offspring will inherit a longer neck. The differences in neck length between generations will persist until the neck of the giraffe becomes so long that it can no longer breed with other giraffes.<br><br>Evolution through Genetic Drift<br><br>Genetic drift occurs when alleles from one gene are distributed randomly within a population. In the end, only one will be fixed (become common enough to no more be eliminated through natural selection), and the other alleles will drop in frequency. In the extreme it can lead to dominance of a single allele. The other alleles are essentially eliminated, and heterozygosity decreases to zero. In a small population it could lead to the complete elimination of recessive alleles. This is called a bottleneck effect, and it is typical of evolutionary process that occurs when a lot of people migrate to form a new group.<br><br>A phenotypic bottleneck may occur when survivors of a disaster such as an epidemic or a mass hunting event, are concentrated in a limited area. The survivors will share an allele that is dominant and will share the same phenotype. This could be caused by a war, earthquake or even a disease. Regardless of the cause the genetically distinct group that remains is susceptible to genetic drift.<br><br>Walsh, Lewens and Ariew define drift as a departure from the expected values due to differences in fitness. They provide the famous case of twins who are both genetically identical and share the same phenotype. However, one is struck by lightning and dies, but the other continues to reproduce.<br><br>This kind of drift can play a very important role in the evolution of an organism. However, it is not the only method to progress. Natural selection is the main alternative, in which mutations and migration maintain phenotypic diversity within the population.<br><br>Stephens argues that there is a big difference between treating the phenomenon of drift as a force, or a cause and treating other causes of evolution, such as selection, mutation,  [https://hoofpick.tv/@evolution5623?page=about 에볼루션 바카라 무료체험] and migration as forces or causes. He claims that a causal-process model of drift allows us to separate it from other forces, and this distinction is crucial. He also claims that drift has a direction: that is it tends to eliminate heterozygosity, and that it also has a specific magnitude that is determined by the size of population.<br><br>Evolution by Lamarckism<br><br>In high school, students study biology they are often introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution is generally referred to as "Lamarckism" and it asserts that simple organisms evolve into more complex organisms through the inheritance of characteristics which result from an organism's natural activities, use and disuse. Lamarckism is illustrated through an giraffe's neck stretching to reach higher branches in the trees. This could cause giraffes' longer necks to be passed onto their offspring who would then grow even taller.<br><br>Lamarck, a French Zoologist, introduced a revolutionary concept in his opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged the previous thinking on organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living creatures evolved from inanimate material through a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to suggest that this might be the case, but he is widely seen as giving the subject his first comprehensive and comprehensive analysis.<br><br>The predominant story is that Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and Lamarckism were competing during the 19th century. Darwinism ultimately won and led to what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. The theory argues that acquired traits can be passed down and instead argues organisms evolve by the selective influence of environmental factors, such as Natural Selection.<br><br>While Lamarck supported the notion of inheritance by acquired characters and his contemporaries also offered a few words about this idea but it was not an integral part of any of their theories about evolution. This is largely due to the fact that it was never validated scientifically.<br><br>It has been more than 200 years since the birth of Lamarck, and in the age genomics, there is a growing evidence-based body of evidence to support the heritability-acquired characteristics. This is often called "neo-Lamarckism" or more commonly epigenetic inheritance. This is a variant that is as valid as the popular neodarwinian model.<br><br>Evolution by the process of adaptation<br><br>One of the most popular misconceptions about evolution is that it is driven by a sort of struggle for survival. This view is inaccurate and overlooks other forces that drive evolution. The struggle for survival is more precisely described as a fight to survive within a specific environment, which could involve not only other organisms but also the physical environment itself.<br><br>To understand how evolution operates it is beneficial to consider what adaptation is. It is a feature that allows a living organism to live in its environment and reproduce. It could be a physiological structure such as feathers or fur or a behavior such as a tendency to move into shade in hot weather or stepping out at night to avoid the cold.<br><br>The ability of a living thing to extract energy from its environment and interact with other organisms and their physical environments, is crucial to its survival. The organism must possess the right genes to create offspring, and it must be able to access enough food and other resources. The organism should also be able to reproduce itself at the rate that is suitable for its particular niche.<br><br>These elements, in conjunction with mutation and gene flow can result in an alteration in the percentage of alleles (different forms of a gene) in the gene pool of a population. As time passes, this shift in allele frequency can lead to the emergence of new traits and eventually new species.<br><br>A lot of the traits we admire in animals and plants are adaptations. For instance lung or gills that draw oxygen from air feathers and fur for insulation long legs to run away from predators, and camouflage to hide. To comprehend adaptation it is essential to differentiate between physiological and behavioral characteristics.<br><br>Physical traits such as the thick fur and gills are physical traits. Behavioral adaptations are not like the tendency of animals to seek out companionship or retreat into shade in hot weather. It is important to note that lack of planning does not result in an adaptation. Inability to think about the consequences of a decision even if it appears to be rational, could make it unadaptive.