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What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics examines the relationship between language and context. It poses questions such as What do people actually think when they use words?<br><br>It's a way of thinking that focuses on practical and reasonable actions. It's in contrast to idealism, which is the belief that you must abide to your convictions.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of ways that language users get meaning from and with each with each other. It is often thought of as a part or language, but it is different from semantics because pragmatics focuses on what the user wants to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research area, pragmatics is relatively new and [https://botdb.win/wiki/What_Is_Pragmatic_Free_Trial_Meta_And_Why_Are_We_Dissing_It 프라그마틱 슬롯] 정품인증 ([https://lovewiki.faith/wiki/Whats_Holding_Back_This_Pragmatic_Slots_Industry Highly recommended Resource site]) research in the area has grown rapidly over the past few decades. It has been mostly an academic field of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields like speech-language pathology, psychology, sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics, and they have contributed to its growth and development. One example is the Gricean approach to pragmatics which is focused on the concept of intention and how it affects the speaker's comprehension of the listener's. Other perspectives on pragmatics include conceptual and lexical aspects of pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the variety of subjects that researchers in pragmatics have researched.<br><br>The research in pragmatics has been focused on a wide range of subjects such as L2 pragmatic understanding as well as request production by EFL learners and the role of theory of mind in mental and physical metaphors. It has been applied to cultural and social phenomena like political discourse, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Researchers studying pragmatics have employed a wide range of methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different according to the database, as illustrated in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are two of the top producers in pragmatics research. However, their ranking differs based on the database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is multidisciplinary and intersects with other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore difficult to determine the top authors in pragmatics solely according to the number of publications they have published. However it is possible to determine the most influential authors by examining their contributions to pragmatics. For example Bambini's contribution in pragmatics has led to concepts such as conversational implicature, and politeness theory. Grice, Saul, and Kasper are also influential authors of the field of pragmatics.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the users and contexts of language use rather than focusing on reference to truth, grammar, or. It examines how a single phrase can be interpreted differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity and indexicality. It also focuses on the strategies employed by listeners to determine whether utterances have a communicative intent. It is closely related to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>While the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is a well-known and established one, there is a lot of debate regarding the exact boundaries of these fields. Some philosophers believe that the notion of meaning of sentences is a part of semantics, whereas others claim that this type of problem should be considered pragmatic.<br><br>Another issue is whether pragmatics is a branch of philosophy of language or a subset of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a field in its own right and that it should be treated as an independent part of the field of linguistics along with syntax, phonology semantics and more. Others have claimed that the study of pragmatics should be considered part of the philosophy of language because it deals with the ways that our ideas about the meaning and use of language affect our theories about how languages work.<br><br>This debate has been fueled by a few key issues that are central to the study of pragmatics. Some scholars have argued, for example, that pragmatics isn't an academic discipline in and of itself since it studies how people perceive and use language without necessarily referring to the actual facts about what was said. This kind of approach is called far-side pragmatics. Others, however, have argued that the subject should be considered a discipline in its own right, since it examines the way in which the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is called near-side pragmatism.<br><br>Other areas of discussion in pragmatics include the way we perceive the nature of the interpretation of utterances as an inferential process, and the role that the primary pragmatic processes play in the determining of what is being spoken by a speaker in a given sentence. These are issues that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers by Recanati and Bach. Both papers explore the notions saturation and free pragmatic enrichment. These are important pragmatic processes that help shape the meaning of utterances.<br><br>What is the difference between Free Pragmatics and from Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics examines the way in which context influences the meaning of language. It analyzes how human language is used in social interaction, and the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians.<br><br>Different theories of pragmatics have been developed over the years. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics focus on the communicative intent of the speaker. Relevance Theory, for example is focused on the processes of understanding that take place when listeners interpret the meaning of utterances. Some pragmatic approaches have been incorporated with other disciplines like cognitive science or philosophy.<br><br>There are also differing views on the borderline of pragmatics and semantics. Morris is one philosopher who believes that pragmatics and semantics are two different subjects. He says that semantics deal with the relation of words to objects that they could or not denote, whereas pragmatics is concerned with the usage of words in a context.<br><br>Other philosophers such as Bach and Harnish have argued that pragmatism is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said while far-side focuses on the logic implications of saying something. They believe that some of the 'pragmatics' of an utterance is already influenced by semantics, while other 'pragmatics' are determined by the pragmatic processes of inference.<br><br>One of the most important aspects of pragmatics is that it is context dependent. This means that a single word can have different meanings based on factors such as ambiguity or indexicality. Discourse structure, speaker beliefs and intentions, as well expectations of the listener can alter the meaning of a phrase.<br><br>A second aspect of pragmatics is its cultural specificity. It is because every culture has its own rules regarding what is acceptable in various situations. For  [https://telegra.ph/15-Unexpected-Facts-About-Pragmatic-Slots-Return-Rate-Youve-Never-Seen-12-16 프라그마틱 무료체험] 무료슬롯 ([http://brewwiki.win/wiki/Post:The_Leading_Reasons_Why_People_Perform_Well_At_The_Pragmatic_Official_Website_Industry Continued]) example, it is polite in some cultures to look at each other however it is not acceptable in other cultures.<br><br>There are various perspectives on pragmatics and lots of research is being conducted in this area. The main areas of research are: formal and computational pragmatics; theoretical and experimental pragmatics; cross-linguistic and intercultural pragmatics; clinical and experimental pragmatics.<br><br>What is the relationship between free Pragmatics and to explanation Pragmatics?<br><br>The linguistic discipline of pragmatics is concerned with how meaning is conveyed through language use in context. It is less concerned with the grammatical structure of the speech and more on what the speaker is actually saying. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are referred to as pragmaticians. The topic of pragmatics is related to other linguistics areas, such as semantics, syntax and philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent years the area of pragmatics has been developing in several different directions, including computational linguistics, pragmatics of conversation, and theoretic pragmatics. These areas are characterized by a variety of research, which addresses aspects like lexical features and the interaction between discourse, language and meaning.<br><br>In the philosophical debate about pragmatics, one of the major issues is whether it is possible to give a rigorous and systematic explanation of the relationship between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers have argued that it's not (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have suggested that the distinction between pragmatics and semantics is ill-defined and that pragmatics and semantics are in fact the same thing.<br><br>The debate between these two positions is usually a tussle scholars argue that particular instances are a part of either semantics or pragmatics. For example certain scholars argue that if an utterance has a literal truth-conditional meaning then it is semantics, whereas others believe that the fact that an expression could be interpreted in different ways is pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in the field of pragmatics have taken a different view in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning of an utterance is only one among many ways that the utterance may be interpreted, and that all of these ways are valid. This is often described as "far-side pragmatics".<br><br>Recent work in pragmatics has attempted to integrate semantic and far-side approaches trying to understand the full scope of the possibilities for interpretation of a utterance by modeling how a speaker's intentions and beliefs affect the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine a Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technological advances from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts that listeners will be able to consider a variety of possible exhaustified parses of an utterance containing the universal FCI any which is what makes the exclusivity implicature so reliable when compared to other plausible implicatures.
What is Pragmatics?<br><br>Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It asks questions like: What do people really mean when they use words?<br><br>It's a philosophy that is focused on practical and reasonable actions. It is in contrast to idealism which is the belief that one should adhere to their principles regardless of the circumstances.<br><br>What is Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is the way that language users communicate and interact with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language however, it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics examines what the user is trying to convey, not what the actual meaning is.<br><br>As a research field, pragmatics is relatively new, and its research has been growing rapidly over the past few decades. It has been primarily an academic field of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.<br><br>There are many different perspectives on pragmatics, which have contributed to its growth and development. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and the interaction with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Other perspectives on pragmatics include the lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that pragmatics researchers have investigated.<br><br>The study of pragmatics has covered a broad range of subjects, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, as well as the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena like political speech, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.<br><br>The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different by database, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, however their positions differ based on the database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.<br><br>It is therefore difficult to rank the top authors in pragmatics solely by the quantity of their publications. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics through concepts like conversational implicititure and politeness theories. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.<br><br>What is Free Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics focuses on the users and contexts of language use, rather than on reference, truth, or grammar. It examines how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity as well as indexicality. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine if words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely linked to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.<br><br>The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is well-known, it is not always clear where they should be drawn. For example some philosophers have claimed that the notion of a sentence's meaning is a part of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be treated as a pragmatic problem.<br><br>Another issue is whether pragmatics is a branch of philosophy of languages or a subset of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its distinct from the other disciplines and should be considered a distinct part of the field of linguistics, alongside syntax, phonology semantics and so on. Others have suggested the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy because it deals with the way in which our beliefs about meaning and uses of languages influence our theories of how languages work.<br><br>This debate has been fueled by a number of key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For instance, [https://www.xn--72c9aa5escud2b.com/webboard/index.php?action=profile;area=forumprofile;u=2317600 프라그마틱 슬롯 하는법] 공식홈페이지 ([https://images.google.com.na/url?q=https://creamwall1.werite.net/responsible-for-a-pragmatic-korea-budget images.google.com.na`s statement on its official blog]) some researchers have suggested that pragmatics isn't a discipline in its own right because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information regarding what is actually being said. This kind of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject is a discipline in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatics.<br><br>Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the manner in which we understand the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the role that the primary pragmatic processes play in the analysis of what is being spoken by a speaker in a given sentence. These are topics that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers by Recanati and Bach. Both papers explore the notions saturation and free enrichment in the context of a pragmatic. These are significant pragmatic processes that influence the overall meaning an utterance.<br><br>What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The study of pragmatics is how context affects linguistic meaning. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians.<br><br>Over the years, a variety of theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of speakers. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by listeners. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, like philosophy and cognitive science.<br><br>There are different opinions on the borderline between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that semantics and pragmatics are two separate topics. He argues semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects that they might or may not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in the context.<br><br>Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish, have argued that pragmatics is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an expression are already determined by semantics while other 'pragmatics' are defined by the processes of inference.<br><br>The context is one of the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same utterance can mean different things in different contexts, depending on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.<br><br>Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity to the culture. It is because every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in different situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to keep eye contact. In other cultures, it's rude.<br><br>There are many different views of pragmatics, and lots of research is being done in the field. Some of the most important areas of study are formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.<br><br>What is the relationship between Free Pragmatics and to Explanatory Pragmatics?<br><br>The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with how meaning is conveyed by the use of language in context. It evaluates the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs affect the interpretation, with less attention paid to the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is linked to other areas of the study of linguistics, such as syntax and semantics or philosophy of language.<br><br>In recent times the field of pragmatics has expanded in many directions. This includes computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. There is a wide range of research in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical features as well as the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of the concept of meaning.<br><br>One of the main questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to develop an accurate, systematic understanding of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not well-defined and that they're the identical.<br><br>It is not unusual for scholars to debate back and forth between these two positions and argue that certain events are either semantics or pragmatics. For instance certain scholars argue that if an utterance has an actual truth-conditional meaning, [http://bioimagingcore.be/q2a/user/patchsound7 프라그마틱 공식홈페이지] 정품 확인법 ([https://freeman-hildebrandt-2.mdwrite.net/how-to-tell-the-good-and-bad-about-pragmatic/ freeman-hildebrandt-2.mdwrite.net]) then it is semantics, while other argue that the fact that an utterance may be interpreted in various ways is a sign of pragmatics.<br><br>Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different view in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is just one of the many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these ways are valid. This approach is often known as far-side pragmatics.<br><br>Recent research in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and distant side methods. It attempts to capture the entire range of interpretive possibilities for a speaker's utterance, by modeling how the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will be entertained by a variety of exhausted interpretations of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any, and that is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong when compared to other plausible implications.

Latest revision as of 20:31, 24 January 2025

What is Pragmatics?

Pragmatics is the study of the connection between context, language and meaning. It asks questions like: What do people really mean when they use words?

It's a philosophy that is focused on practical and reasonable actions. It is in contrast to idealism which is the belief that one should adhere to their principles regardless of the circumstances.

What is Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is the way that language users communicate and interact with each other. It is typically thought of as a part of the language however, it differs from semantics in the sense that pragmatics examines what the user is trying to convey, not what the actual meaning is.

As a research field, pragmatics is relatively new, and its research has been growing rapidly over the past few decades. It has been primarily an academic field of study within linguistics, however it also has an impact on research in other fields such as speech-language pathology, psychology sociolinguistics, and the study of anthropology.

There are many different perspectives on pragmatics, which have contributed to its growth and development. One is the Gricean pragmatics approach, which is based primarily on the notions of intention and the interaction with the speaker's knowledge of the listener's understanding. Other perspectives on pragmatics include the lexical and conceptual approaches to pragmatics. These perspectives have contributed to the wide range of subjects that pragmatics researchers have investigated.

The study of pragmatics has covered a broad range of subjects, including L2 pragmatic comprehension and request production by EFL students, as well as the role of the theory of mind in physical and mental metaphors. It has been applied to social and cultural phenomena like political speech, discriminatory speech, and interpersonal communication. Pragmatics researchers also have employed diverse methodologies from experimental to sociocultural.

The amount of knowledge base in pragmatics is different by database, as shown in Figure 9A-C. The US and the UK are among the top researchers in pragmatics research, however their positions differ based on the database. This difference is due to the fact that pragmatics is an interconnected field that is inextricably linked with other disciplines.

It is therefore difficult to rank the top authors in pragmatics solely by the quantity of their publications. It is possible to identify influential authors based on their contributions to pragmatics. Bambini is one example. He has contributed to pragmatics through concepts like conversational implicititure and politeness theories. Other authors who have been influential in pragmatics include Grice, Saul and Kasper.

What is Free Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics focuses on the users and contexts of language use, rather than on reference, truth, or grammar. It examines how a single utterance may be understood differently in different contexts. This includes ambiguity as well as indexicality. It also focuses primarily on the strategies employed by listeners to determine if words have a meaning that is communicative. It is closely linked to the theory of conversative implicature, which was first developed by Paul Grice.

The boundaries between these two disciplines are a subject of debate. While the distinction between these two disciplines is well-known, it is not always clear where they should be drawn. For example some philosophers have claimed that the notion of a sentence's meaning is a part of semantics while others have claimed that this sort of thing should be treated as a pragmatic problem.

Another issue is whether pragmatics is a branch of philosophy of languages or a subset of the study of the study of linguistics. Some researchers have suggested that pragmatics is a subject in its distinct from the other disciplines and should be considered a distinct part of the field of linguistics, alongside syntax, phonology semantics and so on. Others have suggested the study of pragmatics is an aspect of philosophy because it deals with the way in which our beliefs about meaning and uses of languages influence our theories of how languages work.

This debate has been fueled by a number of key issues that are fundamental to the study of pragmatics. For instance, 프라그마틱 슬롯 하는법 공식홈페이지 (images.google.com.na`s statement on its official blog) some researchers have suggested that pragmatics isn't a discipline in its own right because it studies the ways in which people interpret and use language, without being able to provide any information regarding what is actually being said. This kind of approach is referred to as far-side pragmatics. Some scholars have argued that the subject is a discipline in its own right since it examines the manner in which the meaning and usage of language is affected by cultural and social factors. This is known as near-side pragmatics.

Other topics of discussion in pragmatics include the manner in which we understand the nature of utterance interpretation as an inferential process and the role that the primary pragmatic processes play in the analysis of what is being spoken by a speaker in a given sentence. These are topics that are discussed a bit more extensively in the papers by Recanati and Bach. Both papers explore the notions saturation and free enrichment in the context of a pragmatic. These are significant pragmatic processes that influence the overall meaning an utterance.

What is the difference between free and explanatory Pragmatics?

The study of pragmatics is how context affects linguistic meaning. It evaluates how human language is utilized in social interactions, as well as the relationship between the speaker and the interpreter. Linguists who specialize in pragmatics are called pragmaticians.

Over the years, a variety of theories of pragmatism have been developed. Some, such as Gricean pragmatics, focus on the communicative intent of speakers. Others, such as Relevance Theory are focused on the processes of understanding that occur during utterance interpretation by listeners. Some pragmatics theories are merged with other disciplines, like philosophy and cognitive science.

There are different opinions on the borderline between semantics and pragmatics. Some philosophers, such as Morris, believe that semantics and pragmatics are two separate topics. He argues semantics is concerned with the relationship between signs and objects that they might or may not denote whereas pragmatics is concerned with the use of words in the context.

Other philosophers, such as Bach and Harnish, have argued that pragmatics is a subfield within semantics. They differentiate between 'near-side and far-side' pragmatics. Near-side pragmatics focuses on what is said, while far-side pragmatics is focused on the logical consequences of saying something. They believe that some of the 'pragmatics' that accompany an expression are already determined by semantics while other 'pragmatics' are defined by the processes of inference.

The context is one of the most important aspects of pragmatics. This means that the same utterance can mean different things in different contexts, depending on factors such as indexicality and ambiguity. Other factors that could alter the meaning of an expression include discourse structure, speaker intentions and beliefs, and expectations of the listener.

Another aspect of pragmatics is its particularity to the culture. It is because every culture has its own rules for what is appropriate in different situations. In certain cultures, it's polite to keep eye contact. In other cultures, it's rude.

There are many different views of pragmatics, and lots of research is being done in the field. Some of the most important areas of study are formal and computational pragmatics as well as experimental and theoretical pragmatics; intercultural and cross-linguistic pragmatics; and pragmatics in the clinical and experimental sense.

What is the relationship between Free Pragmatics and to Explanatory Pragmatics?

The discipline of pragmatics, a linguistic field, is concerned with how meaning is conveyed by the use of language in context. It evaluates the way in which the speaker's intentions and beliefs affect the interpretation, with less attention paid to the grammatical aspects of the speech rather than what is said. Pragmaticians are linguists who focus on pragmatics. The subject of pragmatics is linked to other areas of the study of linguistics, such as syntax and semantics or philosophy of language.

In recent times the field of pragmatics has expanded in many directions. This includes computational linguistics and conversational pragmatics. There is a wide range of research in these areas, addressing topics like the importance of lexical features as well as the interaction between discourse and language, and the nature of the concept of meaning.

One of the main questions in the philosophical discussion of pragmatics is whether or not it is possible to develop an accurate, systematic understanding of the semantics/pragmatics interface. Some philosophers have argued that it isn't (e.g. Morris 1938, Kaplan 1989). Other philosophers have argued that the distinction between semantics and pragmatics is not well-defined and that they're the identical.

It is not unusual for scholars to debate back and forth between these two positions and argue that certain events are either semantics or pragmatics. For instance certain scholars argue that if an utterance has an actual truth-conditional meaning, 프라그마틱 공식홈페이지 정품 확인법 (freeman-hildebrandt-2.mdwrite.net) then it is semantics, while other argue that the fact that an utterance may be interpreted in various ways is a sign of pragmatics.

Other researchers in pragmatics have taken a different view in arguing that the truth-conditional meaning a utterance has is just one of the many ways in which an expression can be understood and that all of these ways are valid. This approach is often known as far-side pragmatics.

Recent research in pragmatics has sought to integrate semantic and distant side methods. It attempts to capture the entire range of interpretive possibilities for a speaker's utterance, by modeling how the speaker's beliefs and intentions contribute to the interpretation. For example, Champollion et al. (2019) combine an Gricean game-theoretic model of the Rational Speech Act framework with technical innovations from Franke and Bergen (2020). This model predicts listeners will be entertained by a variety of exhausted interpretations of an utterance that contains the universal FCI Any, and that is the reason why the exclusivity implicature is so strong when compared to other plausible implications.