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(Created page with "What is a Diagnosis of ADHD?<br><br>For many children, being diagnosed of ADHD is the first time they've had an explanation for their hyperactivity and inattention. For adults, a diagnosis is often the result of symptoms that become severe enough to affect their work and family life.<br><br>Find a medical professional who has experience in treating ADHD to make an accurate diagnosis. Get referrals from therapists or trusted friends, or ask for suggestions from your healt...")
 
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What is a Diagnosis of ADHD?<br><br>For many children, being diagnosed of ADHD is the first time they've had an explanation for their hyperactivity and inattention. For adults, a diagnosis is often the result of symptoms that become severe enough to affect their work and family life.<br><br>Find a medical professional who has experience in treating ADHD to make an accurate diagnosis. Get referrals from therapists or trusted friends, or ask for suggestions from your health insurance plan.<br><br>Signs and symptoms<br><br>If you've tried to address the symptoms of ADHD through diet, exercise or other methods without success, a diagnosis from a medical professional can give you the help you need. A diagnosis from a medical professional will provide you with the confidence and peace of mind that laziness or low intellect are not holding you back from realizing your goals. Your doctor will also be able to give you a treatment plan to enhance your functioning.<br><br>Your GP can assist you in determining whether you or your child have the signs of ADHD and then refer you to an expert for a formal evaluation. Take any ADHD questions or quizzes you can find online prior to making an appointment with an expert in healthcare. They serve as a self-screening tool, and will help you feel confident to request a professional assessment. Bring a copy of all relevant documents with you to your appointment. The physician will review your medical and family background, and also interview those who know you and your conduct. This could include a teacher or coach, or even your spouse. The clinician will look for symptoms of inattentive ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive ADHD or combined ADHD.<br><br>The American Psychiatric Assocation's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition Text Revision DSM-5 offers guidelines for clinical care for doctors to diagnose ADHD. The symptoms must have been present before a patient turns 12 and be severe enough to hinder functioning at school, at work or in home life. The symptoms should have lasted for at minimum six months.<br><br>Inattention ADHD is the most frequent form of ADHD, which affects children who struggle to pay attention or staying still. They tend to daydream or lose their focus during conversations. Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD is more noticeable in younger children. They flitter, don't want to wait for their turn and have lots of energy. They interrupt others or do things without considering the consequences. Combined ADHD is less common and combines aspects of inattentive ADHD and hyperactive/impulsive [https://nerdgaming.science/wiki/How_Private_Diagnosis_For_ADHD_Has_Transformed_My_Life_The_Better adhd symptoms for diagnosis].<br><br>If your symptoms are not severe You are able to get the help you require by managing your symptoms with therapy or medication. Medication can improve concentration and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity and help you reach your goals in the workplace at school, at work or at home. There are also ways to improve your organization and structure, as well as create healthy eating and sleep habits. The most important thing is to get help as soon as you notice the symptoms of ADHD.<br><br>Evaluation<br><br>If you notice symptoms of ADHD an in-depth evaluation is required to determine the root cause. When evaluating a patient conducted by a trained mental health professional will examine various factors, including the patient's mood, medical history and any issues that may be causing or hiding the symptoms of the disorder. A wide-ranging scale measuring mental, emotional and social issues can be administered. Tests that measure motor skills, and the ability to process information are also being conducted.<br><br>A clinical psychologist or psychiatrist who is an expert in the field of attention disorders is usually able to accurately diagnose ADHD. The specialist will ask the patient and his or relatives to describe their symptoms, complete an assessment of psychiatric issues, review medical records, and utilize adult rating scales and questionnaires.<br><br>The specialist will also examine the symptoms [https://championsleage.review/wiki/A_Productive_Rant_About_Getting_A_Diagnosis_For_ADHD where to diagnose adhd] determine how to diagnosis adhd in adults [[https://elearnportal.science/wiki/The_15_Things_Your_Boss_Wants_You_To_Know_About_Adult_ADHD_Diagnosis_You_Knew_About_Adult_ADHD_Diagnosis Going In this article]] they affect a person's daily functioning. He or she will also note whether the symptoms manifest at work, school or in relationships, as well as at home. The doctor will also note how long the symptoms have been present for. It is important to keep in mind that ADHD cannot be diagnosed until an adult for the first time, since current guidelines for diagnosis only recognize it if the disorder was evident in childhood.<br><br>In children, the diagnostic process involves gathering information from a variety of sources that include the caregivers and teachers of the child. The professional will assess the child's behavior to that of other children their age, and may also utilize standard rating scales. The specialist will also look over the medical records of the child and conduct an examination of the body.<br><br>For adults, the diagnosis of ADHD is often more difficult, as the DSM-5 symptoms guide isn't intended to diagnose adults. The doctor will have to collect detailed information about the patient from their spouse or partner, as well as other close family members and parents. Additionally, the professional will likely use adult rating scales and checklists. Behavioral therapy and medications can help to manage ADHD in adults. Getting a diagnosis of ADHD can be a great relief for many people, because it can indicate that their problems aren't caused by laziness or poor intelligence.<br><br>Medication<br><br>The most frequently used medication to treat ADHD is methylphenidate (Ritalin). It works by increasing levels of a substance in the brain called noradrenaline which passes messages between nerve cells and assists manage impulses. Stimulants can help children and adults concentrate, pay attention, and finish tasks. Medication is often given as part of a behavior therapy program and school accommodations. Adults, the symptoms of impulsivity and hyperactivity diminish as they age, but they continue to have difficulty with disorganization, inattention and completing work-related tasks. If not treated, ADHD can cause issues in relationships and increase the risk of developing certain medical conditions like bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and addiction to substances.<br><br>Many adults do not receive treatment due to it being difficult to diagnose ADHD as an adult. Women may be more prone to hyperactivity rather than inattention, so their symptoms might be unnoticed. They might also be reluctant to seek treatment because they were told in their childhood that their issues with attention and concentration were normal.<br><br>A health care professional specializing in the diagnosis of ADHD examines a person's symptoms and family history. They also conducts a physical examination. The doctor will employ standardized ratings scales to evaluate the person's behavior with that of other adults and children with the same age. It is important to bring any medical, psychological, or work or school records to your appointment. You can ask your physician whether you are eligible to participate in any clinical trials being conducted to find new methods to treat or prevent disease and disorders. This includes ADHD.<br><br>Children with ADHD who are pre-school age typically receive treatment for their behavior. Behavioral therapy is usually paired with cognitive-behavioral therapy, or non-stimulant medicines, such as Atomoxetine. These medications don't cause the same issues with sleep or agitation that stimulants do and have a lower rate of abuse and addiction. These medications are not a replacement for an in-depth evaluation and treatment of your mental and physical health by a qualified medical professional. It is important to inquire with your insurance provider about the coverage prior to seeing a mental health professional and ensure you have a referral from your primary care physician.<br><br>Treatment options<br><br>Many people who suffer from ADHD struggle with life skills like focusing and listening attentively, as well as organizing - all things that are easy for other people. These issues can affect their work, school, and home life. They might require a diagnosis or treatment when they become a problem. A diagnosis can be a great relief since it can explain why certain people are more stressed than others. It can dispel misconceptions about people suffering from ADHD being slow, incompetent, or unwilling to try.<br><br>A health care professional with specific training in ADHD evaluation and treatment will most likely be able to identify the patient. This could be a psychiatrist or a pediatrician. It is essential to find a specialist who takes the time to evaluate each patient and take an extensive history. Family doctors, therapists and trusted friends can give suggestions. It is recommended to ask for qualifications for the specialist, such as professional certification and academic degrees.<br><br>To determine if a patient has ADHD, it is important to review the patient's medical history in order to determine if there are any other factors contributing to the symptoms. For instance, medical conditions like low birth weight, thyroid disorders and seizure disorders can cause symptoms similar to those of ADHD. A person's mood, stress levels as well as previous alcohol and drug use can also cause symptoms.<br><br>Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD are often more noticeable than those with the inattentive type. They are energetic, fidget, and always in motion. They have difficulty sitting still or waiting their turn in school, and can lose focus when reading or taking tests. Children with this form of the disorder are more likely to be expelled from class for behavioural issues.<br><br>When diagnosing [https://clashofcryptos.trade/wiki/What_Is_The_Reason_ADHD_Diagnosis_UK_Is_Fast_Increasing_To_Be_The_Hottest_Trend_Of_2023 uk adult adhd diagnosis] patients, it is essential to provide a description of the symptoms and how they impact the individual's daily functioning. In adults, hyperactivity tends decrease, but inattention and impulsivity increase.<br><br>There are many drugs that can be used to treat adult ADHD. Stimulants target a neurotransmitter called dopamine, which regulates emotions and movement and plays a part in motivation. There are also medications that are not stimulant like bupropion that targets dopamine and norepinephrine.
What is a Diagnosis of ADHD?<br><br>For many children, a diagnosis of ADHD is the first time they've received a clear explanation for their inattention and hyperactivity. Adults are diagnosed when symptoms are severe enough to affect their work and personal lives.<br><br>To make an accurate diagnosis, consult an expert in health care who is experienced in treating ADHD. Request referrals from trusted therapists or friends, or request recommendations from your health insurance.<br><br>Signs and symptoms<br><br>You may have tried to address the symptoms of ADHD through exercise, diet, or other methods, but failed. A [https://anotepad.com/notes/3kdaf44t diagnosis for adhd in adults] from a specialist can give you the assistance you require. A diagnosis by a medical professional could give you the peace and relief of knowing that laziness or low intellect are not holding you back from realizing your goals. Your doctor will also be able to provide you with a treatment plan that will enhance your performance.<br><br>Your GP can help determine whether you or your child suffers from ADHD symptoms and can refer you to an expert who will carry out an assessment. Complete any ADHD tests or questionnaires that are available on the internet prior to scheduling an appointment with medical professionals. They function as a self-screening tool and will give you the confidence to ask for an assessment by a qualified professional. Bring a copy of all relevant documents with you to your appointment. The doctor will go over your medical history and family history and interview people who know you and your behavior. This could be a coach or coach, or even your spouse. The clinician will look for symptoms of inattentive ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive ADHD or combined ADHD.<br><br>The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition Text Revision DSM-5 provides guidelines for doctors to diagnose ADHD. The symptoms must have been present prior to the patient turning 12 and were severe enough to cause problems at school, work, or home. They should also have lasted for a period of more than six months.<br><br>Inattentive ADHD is the most frequent form of ADHD, which affects children who struggle to pay attention or staying still. They tend to drift off or lose focus during conversations. Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD is more noticeable in younger children. They fidget and wait to be asked. They also have excessive energy. They often interrupt others or do something before they think about the consequences. Combined ADHD is less common and combines aspects of inattentive ADHD and hyperactive/impulsive ADHD.<br><br>If your symptoms are mild You can receive the assistance you need by managing them with medication or therapy. Medication can reduce impulsiveness and hyperactivity, as well as improve concentration which can assist you in achieving your goals at work, school or at home. You can also find strategies to improve the organization of your life, improve structure, and help you develop healthy eating and sleeping habits. It is crucial to seek help as soon as you begin to notice signs of ADHD.<br><br>Evaluation<br><br>A thorough evaluation is required for those who exhibit symptoms of ADHD to determine the root cause. During an assessment conducted by a trained mental health specialist will look at a variety of aspects that affect the patient's mood and medical history, as well as any issues that may contribute to the disorder or obscuring the symptoms. A broad spectrum scale measuring social, emotional and mental issues can be administered. Additionally, tests that measure the ability of the body to process information will be conducted.<br><br>A clinical psychologist or psychiatrist who is an expert in the field of attention disorders is usually able to diagnose ADHD. The specialist will ask the patient and his family members to describe their symptoms, fill out the psychiatric questionnaire, and review medical records and complete adult rating scales.<br><br>The specialist will also examine the symptoms and determine [https://bookmarking.win/story.php?title=12-companies-are-leading-the-way-in-adhd-undiagnosed-in-adults how do i get diagnosed for adhd] they impact a person's everyday functioning. He or she will note whether the symptoms are present at work, in school, during relationships, and at home. The doctor will also determine how the symptoms have been present. It is important to remember that ADHD cannot be diagnosed as an adult for the first time, because current [http://www.jsgml.top/bbs/home.php?mod=space&uid=249538 diagnostic criteria for adult adhd] guidelines only recognize it when the disorder was evident during the child years.<br><br>The diagnostic process for children involves collecting information from many sources, including teachers and caregivers. The specialist will assess a child's behavior with the behavior of other children of the same age and might use scales of ratings that are standardized. In addition, the specialist will examine the child's medical history and conduct a physical examination.<br><br>Adults may have a harder in identifying ADHD due to the fact that the DSM-5 is not designed specifically for adults. The specialist will need to collect specific information about the patient from their spouse or partner, as well as other close family members and parents. Additionally, the doctor is likely to use adult rating scales and checklists. Adults who suffer from ADHD are able to benefit from a treatment program for behavioral disorders and medications. Finding out that you have ADHD can be liberating for many, since it may suggest that their issues are not due to laziness or a lack of intelligence.<br><br>Medication<br><br>Methylphenidate is the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. It works by increasing the levels of noradrenaline within the brain, which helps to control impulses and transmit messages between nerve cells. Stimulants can help children and adults focus, pay attention, and finish tasks. The use of medication is usually in conjunction with behavior therapy and school accommodations. Adults [https://justbookmark.win/story.php?title=adhd-diagnosis-tools-to-simplify-your-life-everyday who can diagnose adhd in adults] suffer from ADHD experience less impulsivity and hyperactivity as they age, but still have problems with disorganization, inattention, and the ability to complete tasks. If not treated, ADHD can cause problems in relationships and increase the risk of certain medical conditions, such as depression, bipolar disorder or anxiety, as well as substance abuse.<br><br>Since it's difficult to recognize ADHD in adulthood, many adults never receive treatment for their symptoms. Women are more prone to inattention rather than hyperactivity, so their symptoms might go undetected. They might also be hesitant to seek diagnosis due to the fact that they were taught when they were children that problems with attention and concentration are normal.<br><br>A health professional who specializes in the [http://www.followmedoitbbs.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=301069 Add diagnosis as an adult] of ADHD examines a person's symptoms as well as family history and conducts a physical examination. The health care professional will employ standardized scales of ratings to evaluate the behavior of the individual with other adults and children in the same age group. Bring any psychological, medical, school/work and other records to your appointment. You can also ask your doctor whether you're eligible to participate in any clinical trials that are being conducted to discover new ways to treat, prevent or detect diseases and disorders, including ADHD.<br><br>Children with ADHD who are preschool-aged typically receive treatment for their behavior. Behavioral therapy can be incorporated with cognitive-behavioral treatment, or an anti-stimulant medication, such as atomoxetine. These medications do not cause the same sleep problems or agitation that stimulants do, and they are less likely to cause addiction and abuse. These drugs are not an alternative to an extensive evaluation and treatment of your mental and physical health by a qualified health professional. Before visiting an expert in mental health, it is essential to verify your insurance coverage and get an appointment from your primary physician.<br><br>Treatment options<br><br>Certain people suffering from ADHD struggle with the basic life skills like paying attention, listening attentively and organizing. These are skills that others find easy. These issues can affect their school, work as well as their personal life. They may require a diagnosis or treatment when they become a problem. A diagnosis can provide relief as it explains the reasons why certain people are more annoyed. It also helps dispel common myths that people with ADHD is incompetent, or isn't smart enough or does not want to try.<br><br>A health care professional with specific training in ADHD evaluation and treatment will likely diagnose a person. This could be a psychiatrist or pediatrician. It is important to choose a doctor who is able to evaluate every patient and take the complete background. Family doctors, therapists, and trusted friends can offer recommendations. It is recommended to ask for qualifications for the specialist, such as professional accreditation and academic degrees.<br><br>In order to evaluate for ADHD it is crucial to review the patient's medical history to determine if there are additional factors that could be contributing to symptoms. For instance, medical conditions such as low birth weight, thyroid disorders and seizure disorders can cause ADHD-like symptoms. A person's mood, their stress level and past drug and alcohol usage can also trigger symptoms.<br><br>Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD are often more noticeable than those with the inattentive type. They are bursting with energy, are fidgety and constantly moving. They have difficulty sitting still or waiting their turn in school, and may lose their focus when reading or taking tests. Children who have this form of the disorder are more apt to be removed from school due to behavioral issues.<br><br>When [http://emseyi.com/user/indialibra5 diagnosing add adhd in adults] adult patients, it is crucial that the patient's history contains an explanation of how symptoms affect their daily life. In adults, the hyperactivity tends to decrease, however, the inattention and impulsivity can become more challenging.<br><br>There are many medications that are used to treat adult ADHD. Stimulants are substances which target dopamine, a neurotransmitter which is responsible for controlling movement and emotions. It also plays a role in motivation. There are also non-stimulant drugs such as bupropion, which targets dopamine and norepinephrine.

Latest revision as of 01:10, 26 January 2025

What is a Diagnosis of ADHD?

For many children, a diagnosis of ADHD is the first time they've received a clear explanation for their inattention and hyperactivity. Adults are diagnosed when symptoms are severe enough to affect their work and personal lives.

To make an accurate diagnosis, consult an expert in health care who is experienced in treating ADHD. Request referrals from trusted therapists or friends, or request recommendations from your health insurance.

Signs and symptoms

You may have tried to address the symptoms of ADHD through exercise, diet, or other methods, but failed. A diagnosis for adhd in adults from a specialist can give you the assistance you require. A diagnosis by a medical professional could give you the peace and relief of knowing that laziness or low intellect are not holding you back from realizing your goals. Your doctor will also be able to provide you with a treatment plan that will enhance your performance.

Your GP can help determine whether you or your child suffers from ADHD symptoms and can refer you to an expert who will carry out an assessment. Complete any ADHD tests or questionnaires that are available on the internet prior to scheduling an appointment with medical professionals. They function as a self-screening tool and will give you the confidence to ask for an assessment by a qualified professional. Bring a copy of all relevant documents with you to your appointment. The doctor will go over your medical history and family history and interview people who know you and your behavior. This could be a coach or coach, or even your spouse. The clinician will look for symptoms of inattentive ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive ADHD or combined ADHD.

The American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition Text Revision DSM-5 provides guidelines for doctors to diagnose ADHD. The symptoms must have been present prior to the patient turning 12 and were severe enough to cause problems at school, work, or home. They should also have lasted for a period of more than six months.

Inattentive ADHD is the most frequent form of ADHD, which affects children who struggle to pay attention or staying still. They tend to drift off or lose focus during conversations. Hyperactive/impulsive ADHD is more noticeable in younger children. They fidget and wait to be asked. They also have excessive energy. They often interrupt others or do something before they think about the consequences. Combined ADHD is less common and combines aspects of inattentive ADHD and hyperactive/impulsive ADHD.

If your symptoms are mild You can receive the assistance you need by managing them with medication or therapy. Medication can reduce impulsiveness and hyperactivity, as well as improve concentration which can assist you in achieving your goals at work, school or at home. You can also find strategies to improve the organization of your life, improve structure, and help you develop healthy eating and sleeping habits. It is crucial to seek help as soon as you begin to notice signs of ADHD.

Evaluation

A thorough evaluation is required for those who exhibit symptoms of ADHD to determine the root cause. During an assessment conducted by a trained mental health specialist will look at a variety of aspects that affect the patient's mood and medical history, as well as any issues that may contribute to the disorder or obscuring the symptoms. A broad spectrum scale measuring social, emotional and mental issues can be administered. Additionally, tests that measure the ability of the body to process information will be conducted.

A clinical psychologist or psychiatrist who is an expert in the field of attention disorders is usually able to diagnose ADHD. The specialist will ask the patient and his family members to describe their symptoms, fill out the psychiatric questionnaire, and review medical records and complete adult rating scales.

The specialist will also examine the symptoms and determine how do i get diagnosed for adhd they impact a person's everyday functioning. He or she will note whether the symptoms are present at work, in school, during relationships, and at home. The doctor will also determine how the symptoms have been present. It is important to remember that ADHD cannot be diagnosed as an adult for the first time, because current diagnostic criteria for adult adhd guidelines only recognize it when the disorder was evident during the child years.

The diagnostic process for children involves collecting information from many sources, including teachers and caregivers. The specialist will assess a child's behavior with the behavior of other children of the same age and might use scales of ratings that are standardized. In addition, the specialist will examine the child's medical history and conduct a physical examination.

Adults may have a harder in identifying ADHD due to the fact that the DSM-5 is not designed specifically for adults. The specialist will need to collect specific information about the patient from their spouse or partner, as well as other close family members and parents. Additionally, the doctor is likely to use adult rating scales and checklists. Adults who suffer from ADHD are able to benefit from a treatment program for behavioral disorders and medications. Finding out that you have ADHD can be liberating for many, since it may suggest that their issues are not due to laziness or a lack of intelligence.

Medication

Methylphenidate is the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD. It works by increasing the levels of noradrenaline within the brain, which helps to control impulses and transmit messages between nerve cells. Stimulants can help children and adults focus, pay attention, and finish tasks. The use of medication is usually in conjunction with behavior therapy and school accommodations. Adults who can diagnose adhd in adults suffer from ADHD experience less impulsivity and hyperactivity as they age, but still have problems with disorganization, inattention, and the ability to complete tasks. If not treated, ADHD can cause problems in relationships and increase the risk of certain medical conditions, such as depression, bipolar disorder or anxiety, as well as substance abuse.

Since it's difficult to recognize ADHD in adulthood, many adults never receive treatment for their symptoms. Women are more prone to inattention rather than hyperactivity, so their symptoms might go undetected. They might also be hesitant to seek diagnosis due to the fact that they were taught when they were children that problems with attention and concentration are normal.

A health professional who specializes in the Add diagnosis as an adult of ADHD examines a person's symptoms as well as family history and conducts a physical examination. The health care professional will employ standardized scales of ratings to evaluate the behavior of the individual with other adults and children in the same age group. Bring any psychological, medical, school/work and other records to your appointment. You can also ask your doctor whether you're eligible to participate in any clinical trials that are being conducted to discover new ways to treat, prevent or detect diseases and disorders, including ADHD.

Children with ADHD who are preschool-aged typically receive treatment for their behavior. Behavioral therapy can be incorporated with cognitive-behavioral treatment, or an anti-stimulant medication, such as atomoxetine. These medications do not cause the same sleep problems or agitation that stimulants do, and they are less likely to cause addiction and abuse. These drugs are not an alternative to an extensive evaluation and treatment of your mental and physical health by a qualified health professional. Before visiting an expert in mental health, it is essential to verify your insurance coverage and get an appointment from your primary physician.

Treatment options

Certain people suffering from ADHD struggle with the basic life skills like paying attention, listening attentively and organizing. These are skills that others find easy. These issues can affect their school, work as well as their personal life. They may require a diagnosis or treatment when they become a problem. A diagnosis can provide relief as it explains the reasons why certain people are more annoyed. It also helps dispel common myths that people with ADHD is incompetent, or isn't smart enough or does not want to try.

A health care professional with specific training in ADHD evaluation and treatment will likely diagnose a person. This could be a psychiatrist or pediatrician. It is important to choose a doctor who is able to evaluate every patient and take the complete background. Family doctors, therapists, and trusted friends can offer recommendations. It is recommended to ask for qualifications for the specialist, such as professional accreditation and academic degrees.

In order to evaluate for ADHD it is crucial to review the patient's medical history to determine if there are additional factors that could be contributing to symptoms. For instance, medical conditions such as low birth weight, thyroid disorders and seizure disorders can cause ADHD-like symptoms. A person's mood, their stress level and past drug and alcohol usage can also trigger symptoms.

Children with the hyperactive/impulsive type of ADHD are often more noticeable than those with the inattentive type. They are bursting with energy, are fidgety and constantly moving. They have difficulty sitting still or waiting their turn in school, and may lose their focus when reading or taking tests. Children who have this form of the disorder are more apt to be removed from school due to behavioral issues.

When diagnosing add adhd in adults adult patients, it is crucial that the patient's history contains an explanation of how symptoms affect their daily life. In adults, the hyperactivity tends to decrease, however, the inattention and impulsivity can become more challenging.

There are many medications that are used to treat adult ADHD. Stimulants are substances which target dopamine, a neurotransmitter which is responsible for controlling movement and emotions. It also plays a role in motivation. There are also non-stimulant drugs such as bupropion, which targets dopamine and norepinephrine.